Roi ram nha cong dat cong tai sao

Trong mot quoc gia, tai san thuoc so huu cong cong (cong huu/cong san) va tai san thuoc so huu tu nhan (tu huu/tu san) la hai loai so huu pho bien. Nha nuoc duoc nhan dan giao quan ly su dung cong san phuc vu cho muc dich va loi ich cong cong, trong do co bat dong san (BDS).

Moi BDS deu co hai bo phan la phan kien truc va phan dien tich dat ma kien truc do toa lac; trong cac BDS cong huu co nha cong vu. Co the chia nha cong vu lam hai loai chinh: [1] nha lam viec (cong so) la noi quan he giao dich giua co quan cong quyen/cong chuc voi cong dan; [2] nha o, la noi quan chuc va gia dinh ho dung lam cho o trong thoi gian tai chuc.

Tuy ham pham trat ngach ma co su khac nhau ve tieu chuan cho o tuong xung: nguyen thu quoc gia, roi den cac bo truong va ham tuong duong nhu tinh truong (hay thong doc), sau het moi la so quan chuc con lai. Biet thu thuoc so huu cong cong (cong thu) thuong duoc dung lam noi o cua nguyen thu va da so quan chuc ham bo truong.

Ly luan va luat phap hien hanh cua VN ve so huu con chua co mot dieu luat nao dinh nghia ro rang ve “tu huu” va “cong huu”; cac khai niem “bat dong san”, “cong vu” va “nha cong vu” co de cap nhung chua that ro rang.

Duong nhu van con tan du cua mot thoi xem nhe tu huu va quyen cua chu so huu tu nhan, ben canh la su de cao thai qua cong huu nhung lai nhap nhang kho hieu ve co so dinh gia khi tien hanh dich chuyen cong san sang khu vuc tu nhan. Hau qua cua su nhap nhang nay la that thoat rat lon cong san, von dang la de tai nong tren nghi truong Quoc hoi va “nong bong” ngoai xa hoi. Khong kho de chi ra cac van de va he luy cua no:

1. Voi quan diem chinh thong “dat dai thuoc so huu toan dan” thi dat dai se khong bi “roi” vao tay tu nhan, nghe rat hay va yen tam song cung chi la “lieu thuoc an than”, boi tren thuc te khi can dung manh dat do cho muc dich cong cong thi Nha nuoc van phai “boi thuong” theo gia thi truong. Day co phai quan he mua ban tren thuc te cai “so huu toan dan” tu tu nhan?

2. Moi quan chuc khong phan biet vi tri trong bo may deu co quyen tu huu nhu moi cong dan khac, van de la phai phan dinh ro [1] dau la nguon goc va gia tri phan tai san rieng hinh thanh tu truoc; [2] dau la danh dum chinh dang - day la cac van de rieng tu, song da la cong chuc thi phai chap nhan bi giam sat; [3] dau la cac loai cong san duoc giao su dung trong thoi gian tai chuc. Co phai yeu kem phap ly ve tu huu va cong huu lam cho viec ke khai tai san can bo cong chuc tro nen kho khan?

3. Mot quan chuc cao cap noi tren dien dan Quoc hoi rang “chua co truong hop nao ban nha cong vu”(?). Vang! Noi vay den thoi diem nay khong bao gio sai, boi may le: [1] luat phap ve nha cong vu moi co hieu luc nen khong the ban cai chua co, [2] ban theo ND 61 nam 1994 la ban cho nguoi dang thue nha cua Nha nuoc, cung dau phai nha cong vu. Co kha nang vai tram cong thu lon nho trong ca nuoc da duoc ban theo cach nay.

Khong giai quyet tu goc nhan thuc/phap ly ve BDS, ve tu huu/cong huu doi voi BDS trong dieu kien thi truong thi moi giai phap se chi mai nua voi, vua keo dai bat cong trong bo may, vua tiep tuc that thoat (hay tham nhung?) cong san duoi hinh thuc ban nha nha nuoc voi gia thap xa gia tri thuc.

MINH SON