Virus viem gan C mot sat thu tham lang

Virus viem gan C co the lay truyen qua ban chai danh rang dung chung .

Hien co khoang 2% dan so Viet Nam bi nghi la nhiem virus viem gan C. Con so nay dang co khuynh huong gia tang. Dieu nguy hiem la benh hau nhu khong co bieu hien gi ro ret. Nhieu nguoi chi biet minh nhiem virus khi da bi xo gan, ung thu gan.

Virus viem gan C duoc tim ra nam 1989 nhung den nam 1992, xet nghiem chan benh nay moi ra doi. Khi thuc hien xet nghiem do cho nhung benh nhan bi viem gan khong phai A, cung khong phai B, cac bac si phat hien rang phan lon bi nhiem viem gan C.

Sau khi xam nhap co the, virus C se di den gan va sinh soi nay no tai do. Do da so benh nhan khong tu loai tru duoc virus ra khoi co the nen benh se tien trien tu cap tinh (thuong it hon 6 thang) sang man tinh. Khoang 80% truong hop nhiem virus C se chuyen sang man tinh; 20% trong so do se tiep tuc chuyen sang xo gan sau 20 nam nhiem benh. Co khoang 3% nguoi xo gan khong trieu chung tien trien sang ung thu gan moi nam.

Virus viem gan C la thu pham dung hang thu ba gay ra xo gan va ung thu gan, chi sau virus viem gan B va ruou. Hien co rat it nguoi duoc chan doan benh trong giai doan som.

Nhung con duong lay nhiem viem gan C

Virus C duoc tim thay trong mau. Nguoi bi nhiem virus co trung binh 2 trieu virus/1 ml mau. Virus C co the lay lan bang nhieu cach:

- Dung chung kim va ong tiem: 60% - 90% nguoi tiem chich heroin bi nhiem virus C trong nam dau tien. Nhung nguoi nghien nang co nguy co nhiem benh cao hon. Tuy nhien, chung ta co the bi nhiem benh chi can sau mot lan tiem thu.

Viec hit cocain cung co the gay nhiem benh. Cocain gay co that mach mau o niem mac mui, lam niem mac mui bi rach va tao ra cac vet loet. Virus C co the lan qua nhung vet thuong nay.

- Truyen mau va cac san pham cua mau: La duong lay chinh cua virus C truoc nam 1992 (cu 100 nguoi duoc truyen mau thi co khoang 10 nguoi bi lay nhiem). Hien nay, nho co xet nghiem phat hien virus C o nguoi cho mau, nguy co nhiem benh sau truyen mau da giam di dang ke.

- Lay nhiem trong benh vien: Viec su dung nhung dung cu khong duoc khu trung dung cach, nhu may loc than cho benh nhan bi suy than, may noi soi duong tieu hoa, dung cu chua rang... co the lam lay lan can benh nay.

- Truyen tu me sang con: Thoi diem lay nhiem la luc chuyen da, khi mau cua nguoi me va em be hoa lan vao nhau. Nguy co lay nhiem virus C tu me sang con la 3%, thap hon virus B nhieu lan. Nguy co nay se tang den 20%-30% neu me bi nhiem them HIV. Hien khong co bang chung cho thay virus C co the lay lan qua sua me.

- Truyen qua duong tinh duc: Kha nang lay nhiem virus C trong quan he vo chong tuong doi thap. Nhung nguy co nay se gia tang neu quan he tinh duc bua bai.

- Cac duong lay truyen khac: Dung chung dao cao rau, ban chai danh rang, kim cham cuu, kim xam minh, dung cu xo lo tai... voi nguoi bi nhiem benh.

Co den 20%-40% so nguoi bi nhiem virus C khong tim duoc nguon lay ro rang.

Ban co nhieu nguy co bi nhiem virus C khong?

Hay xem xet nhung cau hoi duoi day. Neu tra loi “co” cho mot trong nhung cau hoi do thi ban se la nguoi co nguy co bi nhiem virus C cao:

- Ban co phai la nguoi bi chung ua chay mau, hoac co bat cu chung benh gi khac va da duoc truyen mau vao thoi diem truoc nam 1992 khong?

- Ban tung co nhung cuoc mo xe lon (vi du do chan thuong) truoc nam 1992 va lieu co kha nang ban da quen rang minh duoc truyen mau khong?

- Ban co bi suy than va duoc loc mau khong?

- Ban co dang chich heroin, hoac tung chich heroin trong qua khu (du chi mot lan) khong?

- Ban co chia se mau thuoc hit cocain khong?

- Ban co duoc ghep cac co quan noi tang khong?

- Me ban co bi nhiem virus C khong?

- Ban co quan he tinh duc voi nhieu nguoi ma khong dung bien phap bao ve khong?

- Neu ban la vo hay chong cua nguoi bi nhiem sieu vi C, ban co dung chung dao cao rau, ban chai danh rang, kim cat mong tay voi ho khong?

- Ban co di xam minh, xo lo tai, cham cuu... o nhung noi ma dieu kien vo trung kem khong?

BS Dinh Da Ly Huong, Nguoi Lao Dong