Cac the lao va trieu chung benh lao

Khi xam nhap vao co the, vi trung lao theo duong mau va bach huyet co the den cu tru, phat trien va gay benh o bat ky bo phan nao cua co the. Tuy theo vi tri bi benh, nguoi ta chia benh lao thanh 2 the chinh la lao phoi va lao ngoai phoi.

Bac si, Tien si Pham Quang Tue, Phong chi dao tuyen Benh vien Lao va Benh phoi Trung uong cho biet, 80% nguoi bi lao la the lao phoi, tuy nhien, 20% con lai la nhung the lao khac nhau va moi the lao deu co nhung dau hieu rieng cua no.

Nhung loai lao thuong gap

Lao ngoai phoi co the gap: lao hach bach huyet, lao mang phoi, lao mang nao, lao mang bung, lao ruot, lao xuong khop, lao he sinh duc - tiet nieu.

Nhung nguoi bi benh lao ngoai phoi khong co nguy co truyen benh cho nguoi khac.

Lao phoi: The lao hay gap nhat la lao phoi, chiem toi 80% cac truong hop mac benh lao. Nhung nguoi mac benh lao phoi xet nghiem dom co vi trung lao la nguon lay truyen benh cho nguoi song xung quanh. Nguoi mac benh lao phoi nhung xet nghiem dom khong tim thay vi trung lao (do so luong vi trung trong o ton thuong it) thi kha nang lay benh it hon rat nhieu.

Do vay, khong phai ai mac benh lao phoi cung co nguy co lon lay truyen benh cho nguoi khac, su lay truyen benh con phu thuoc vao so luong vi trung lao o nguoi benh.

Trieu chung cua benh lao

Trieu chung toan than: Cho du benh lao co the chi khu tru o mot bo phan nao do cua co the, gay ra nhung the lao khac nhau va moi the lao deu co nhung trieu trung rieng, dien hinh. Tuy nhien, ngoai nhung bieu hien rieng cua tung the lao, doc to cua vi trung lao co the gay nen cac trieu chung toan than nhu: sot (thuong la sot nhe ve chieu hoac dem), kem theo la met moi, kem an, gay sut can, da xanh, thieu mau…

Trieu chung tai cho: Tuy theo vi tri hay co quan bi benh lao ma bieu hien cac trieu chung tai cho khac nhau, vi du:

- Benh lao phoi thuong co cac bieu hien: Ho khac keo dai tren 2 tuan, tuc nguc, kho tho, ho ra mau, co dom…

- Benh lao hach: Nguoi bi lao hach thuong xuat hien hach to dinh voi nhau thanh tung khoi chac noi ro tren da, trong do, co toi 95% bi hach la lao hach co. Khi an vao nhung khoi hach nay benh nhan khong thay bi dau. Day la ly do khien nguoi benh chu quan, khong nghi den nguy co bi mac benh lao hach.

- Benh lao lao xuong khop: Trieu chung dien hinh la dau tai cho bi benh, han che van dong, neu benh dien bien lau ngay khong dieu tri co the gay ro mu tai cho, neu bi lao cot song co the gay gu, veo cot song, liet van dong…

- Benh lao mang nao: Co cac bieu hien dau hieu than kinh nhu: dau dau, non, tao bon, nang co the hon me, co giat…

Hong Hai (ghi)