Bieu hien o mat cua benh cum

La mot benh pho bien, cum do virus gay ra. Cum la mot benh viem nhiem cap tinh duong ho hap lay truyen nhanh, thuong phat thanh dich.

Benh cum lay truyen theo duong nao?

Virus truyen benh tu nguoi benh sang nguoi lanh qua duong ho hap (hoi tho, hat hoi, ho…). O Viet Nam, hang nam co hang tram nghin nguoi mac, benh hay gap vao mua xuan va mua thu. Cac phuong tien giao thong nhu may bay, oto, xe lua… tao dieu kien cho dich cum lan di rat xa va nhanh.

Trieu chung o mat cua benh cum

O mat co mot hay nhieu dau hieu sau day:

Ket mac: sung huyet, cac mach mau gian to ngoan ngoeo. Doi khi co viem ket mac hot kem hach truoc tai.

Vung tui le do, sung to: viem tui le; vung tuyen le o phia ngoai va tren con mat sung; viem tuyen nuoc mat, chay nuoc mat.

O giac mac (mang trong suot o truoc long den) co the thay viem giac mac hinh canh cay, quanh giac mac co mot quang mach mau cuong tu, mat cam giac giac mac.

O day mat, thay thuoc nhan khoa voi may soi day mat co the thay viem vong mac (mang than kinh cua mat) xuat huyet, tac tinh mach vong mac, phu vong mac. Viem day than kinh thi giac.

Lac mat, liet toan bo cac day than kinh van dong nhan cau.

Trieu chung toan than cua benh cum

Benh phat dot ngot, sot 39-40⁰C, keo dai 3-5 ngay, nhuc dau, dau toan than, so ngat mui, ho, tuc nguc. Bien chung nang nhat la viem phoi.

Co the nham cum co bien chung viem phoi voi hoi chung suy ho hap cap nang (SARS) khong?

Rat co the, vi SARS cung co nhung dau hieu nhu sot tren 38⁰C. Co mot hay nhieu trieu chung ho hap, ho, kho tho. Ngoai ra, cung thay mot so dau hieu dau dau, cung co, moi met.

Chi rieng hai trieu chung noi ban va tieu chay ta co the gap o benh nhan SARS ma khong co o nguoi bi cum. Ca hai loai benh nay deu lay lan chinh theo duong ho hap. Rieng SARS con truyen di theo phan va nuoc tieu (theo To chuc Y te the gioi).

Doi voi benh nhan SARS thi cac xet nghiem tim khang nguyen cua virus cum deu am tinh.

Du phong va dieu tri nhu the nao?

Du phong:

Cach ly benh nhan tai nha, cach ly phan tan, khong tap trung.
Nho mui dung dich Sulfarin hay Argyrol 1%
Khi tiep xuc voi benh nhan cum, nhan vien y te, nguoi binh thuong phai deo khau trang.
Khi benh phat thanh dich phai tam thoi dong cua cac truong hoc, tam hoan cac buoi hop co dong nguoi du.
Vaccine chong cum da duoc nghien cuu va ung dung co ket qua o mot so nuoc, nhung rat ton kem va phuc tap.

Dieu tri

Cum cung nhu SARS, chua co thuoc dac tri; dieu tri trieu chung la chinh:
Uong paracetamo 500mg/vien, dung cho nguoi lon 1 vien/lan, ngay 2-3 vien.
Mat ngu cho Seduxen 5mg, 1 vien
Khi bi so mui, nho mui bang Sulfarin 3 lan mot ngay cho nguoi lon, Argyrol 1%: 3 lan cho tre em.
Viem ket mac nho Chlorocid 0,4%: 6 lan mot ngay vao mat nguoi lon, nho Argyrol 3%: 4 lan/ngay vao mat tre em.
Neu nghi cum co bien chung viem phoi can cho di kham o co so y te.

(Theo Thuoc va suc khoe)