Benh tay chan mieng va cach phong chong

Ton thuong trong hoi chung tay, chan, mieng do enterovirus 71

Hien nay, benh “tay, chan, mieng” da va dang xay ra tai mot so dia phuong. Nguyen nhan gay benh la do enterovirus 71. Sau day la mot so hieu biet co ban ve benh “tay, chan, mieng” va cach phong chong.

Mot so hieu biet co ban ve benh “tay, chan, mieng”

Benh tay, chan, mieng do virus entero phan bo kha pho bien tren the gioi, benh thuong xay ra o cac nuoc nhiet doi va can nhiet doi. Benh da xay ra o nhieu nuoc tren the gioi. Cac vu dich do enterovirus da duoc ghi nhan tai Dai Loan, Trung Quoc (1998), Malaysia (1997). Benh xay ra chu yeu o tre em. Bieu hien benh o nam ro ret hon o nu.

Benh co bieu hien sot, sung mieng, noi ban co bong nuoc. Benh thuong bat dau bang sot nhe, kem an, met moi va sung hong. 1-2 ngay sau co nhung cham do co bong nuoc roi vo thanh vet loet. Cac vet nay thuong nam o luoi, loi va ben trong ma. Cac ton thuong tren da cung xuat hien sau 1-2 ngay, bieu hien la cac vet do, co the co bong nuoc, khong ngua va thuong nam o long ban tay, gan ban chan. Benh tay, chan, mieng hoan toan khac voi benh chan va mieng (con goi la benh lo mong long mong) o trau, bo, cuu va lon. Mac du nhieu nguoi nham hai benh voi nhau do ten gan giong nhau nhung benh do 2 loai virus hoan toan khac nhau gay nen.

Benh thuong co bieu hien lam sang nhe, khoi benh sau 7-10 ngay. Hiem khi xay ra bien chung, tuy nhien cung co truong hop nang co bieu hien viem mang nao voi cac trieu chung sot, dau dau, cung co hoac dau lung. Rat hiem khi co bien chung viem nao hoac liet mem cap.

Benh do nhom virus duong ruot gay nen. Loai virus thuong gay benh nhat la coxsackievirus A16, doi khi benh gay ra boi enterovirus 71 hoac cac typ enterovirus khac. Dich dang xay ra o mot so tinh o nuoc ta hien nay, theo ket qua xet nghiem cua Vien Pasteur TP.HCM da khang dinh do enterovirus 71.

Benh tay, chan, mieng la benh truyen nhiem. Benh lay tu nguoi sang nguoi do tiep xuc truc tiep voi nuoc bot, dich tiet cua mui, hong, dich cua cac bong nuoc khi vo, hoac qua duong phan-mieng. Kha nang lay truyen cao nhat trong vong 1 tuan dau ke tu khi mac benh, tuy nhien nguoi ta thay virus van duoc dao thai qua phan nhieu tuan sau do. Nguoi ta tim thay virus ton tai trong nuoc, dat, rau. Nguoi cung co the mac benh do an phai thuc an, nuoc uong bi nhiem virus.

Den nay van chua co thuoc khang virus dac hieu dieu tri benh. Chu yeu la cac bien phap dieu tri trieu chung de ha sot, giam dau do cac vet loet gay nen va dieu tri cac bien chung neu co.

Cac bien phap phong chong

Den nay van chua co bien phap du phong dac hieu, nhung nguy co lay nhiem co the giam dang ke neu thuc hien tot cac bien phap sau:

1. Ve sinh ca nhan nhu rua tay thuong xuyen, dac biet sau moi lan thay ta cho tre.

2. Rua sach cac dung cu, vat dung, do choi co the nhiem virus bang nuoc va xa phong, roi khu trung bang chloramin B 5%.

3. Han che toi da tiep xuc truc tiep nhu hon, su dung chung cac dung cu voi tre bi benh hoac nguoi benh va ap dung mot so bien phap han che benh lay truyen theo duong phan, mieng khac nhu an chin, uong soi.

4. Cach ly benh nhan, tre bi benh trong vai ngay dau mac benh cung co the lam giam dang ke kha nang lay nhiem.

Ban hay nho rua tay khi:

Truoc, sau khi nau an, va chuan bi thuc an.

Truoc khi an, sau khi di dai tien, tieu tien.

Khi tay ban.

Phai rua tay thuong xuyen khi trong gia dinh co nguoi om, benh.

Cach rua tay dung:

Dau tien lam tay uot toan bo va dung dung dich xa phong hoac xa phong banh. Dat banh xa phong vao gia, de rao nuoc va kho.

Co, xoa 2 ban tay vao nhau ky va bao dam rua het cac ke ngon tay, mong tay.

Tiep tuc co rua ky trong 10-15 giay. Co rua ky va xa phong se giup diet va loai bo het cac mam benh bam dinh tren tay.

Xa nuoc ky va lau kho hoac say kho tay.

Cac buoc lau rua sach cac dung cu, be mat va khu trung:

Phai dung gang tay cao su khi lau don chat non, phan, dac biet khi tay ban co vet xuoc hoac gia dinh ban co nguoi benh.

Dau tien, lau cac be mat (mat ban, mat ghe, san nha) bang xa phong va nuoc hoac cac chat tay rua khac.

Sau khi lau sach, ban co the dung hoa chat khu trung nhu dung dich chloramin B 5% thoa deu tren cac be mat do va giu trong vai phut. Thao tac nay giup cho mam benh tiep xuc voi hoa chat khu trung lau hon.

Lau lai cac be mat bang khan giay dung mot lan hoac khan ban. Neu dung khan ban phai giat khan sau khi su dung.

De cac dung cu lau va tiet trung xa khoi tam tay tre em.

Luon luon, tham chi ngay ca khi ban dung gang tay, ban nen rua tay sau moi lan lau rua va khu trung.