The nao la mot xe lai

Honda Insight xe lai dang duoc ban tai My.

Mot chiec xe co phan dong luc ket hop tu hai dang may tro len duoc goi la xe lai (hybrid). Nhieu nguoi dang su dung may lai, chang han nhu xe dap may, co ca dong co dung xang va dong nang dap xe cua nguoi lai.

Tuong tu nhu vay, mot oto lai su dung dong thoi dong co xang va mo to dien. Thuong thi xe lai co hieu suat cao hon kieu thong thuong tu 30-40%.

Xe lai ket hop dong co xang va mo to dien co 2 loai:

1. Pho bien nhat la loai co mo to dien va dong co dot trong doc lap, cung truyen dong vao hop so. Nhu vay, xe chay voi hai dong nang cung mot luc.
2. Dong co xang khong truc tiep tao ra dong luc cho xe, no keo mot may phat, cung cap dien cho binh ac-quy noi voi mot mo to dien dan dong banh xe.

Co che van hanh cua xe lai Honda Insight 2000

Phan dong luc cua xe gom dong co xang 3 xi lanh, nang khoang 56 kg, cong suat 67 ma luc, toc do quay 5.700 vong/phut. Mot mo to dien cong suat 10 KW duoc dat vua gon vao khoang cach giua dong co va bo truyen dong.

Khi xe chay, mo-men quay chinh ma banh xe nhan duoc la tu dong co xang. Khi can tang toc, mo-to dien se tu dong van hanh de cung cap them suc keo. Khi cung hoat dong hai dong co nay se tao ra cong suat 73 ma luc.

Khi can giam toc do, luc dap phanh cua nguoi lai dong thoi tac dong len mot cong-tac, chuyen che do lam viec cua mo-to dien. Luc nay, no tro thanh may phat, bien dong nang thua cua chiec xe thanh dong dien tro lai binh ac-quy. Dong co se tu ngung hoat dong khi xe dung lai hay lai khi bo ly hop o che do ngat. De van hanh tro lai chi can khoi dong bo ly hop va chuyen sang so 1.

Nhung dac diem cua xe lai:

- Dong co xang nho hon so voi dong co o cac xe thong thuong va su dung nhung ky thuat tien tien nhat nham giam tieng on, tang hieu suat.

- Dong co dien la mot bo may tinh xao. Cac ky thuat moi cho phep no co vai tro mo-to cung cap mo-men quay de tang toc xe, hoac tro thanh may phat, giup xe giam toc do va nap dien tro lai ac-quy.

- May phat chi co vai tro tao ra dong dien, thuong duoc su dung trong cac xe lai loai thu 2.

- Binh ac-quy la noi tich nang luong dien duoc tao ra tu dong nang thua cua xe, hoac phong dien vao mo-to khi xe can tang toc.

- Bo phan truyen dong giong nhu trong nhung oto thong thuong khac.

Cac uu diem cua xe lai la chay duoc quang duong xa hon, giam khoi thai so voi xe chay xang va khac phuc duoc nhung nhuoc diem cua xe chay dien.

Hien Honda Insight co gia 18.000 USD va Toyota Prius, 20.000 USD (gia tai My). Ca hai deu co may chay xang, mot dong co dien va binh ac quy.

Xuan Tung (theo HSW)