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Nan hang gia khien khong chi cac khach hang “meo mat” ma ngay cac hang san xuat ten tuoi bi lam gia phu tung cung dau dau.
Dang vi vu tren duong Huyen Tran Cong Chua (TP HCM), chiec Toyota Altis cua anh S. chot gio que. Dung xe lai thi thay dau may chay ra tu khoang dong co va loc may da bi vo. Anh lap tuc mang xe den tram dich vu kiem tra, tai day cac chuyen gia cua Toyota Vietnam (TMV) da phat hien ra nguyen nhan cua su co tren la do chiec xe su dung loc dau gia. Anh S. chi la mot trong nhieu nan nhan cua tinh trang phu tung o to bi lam gia luu thong tren thi truong. Mua do gia de nhu mua rau Theo Hiep hoi chong hang gia va bao ve thuong hieu Viet Nam (VATAP), nhieu doanh nghiep hoi vien VATAP so huu nhung thuong hieu co tieng dang khon kho va bi thiet hai nang ne do san pham cua ho bi gia, lam nhai voi trinh do ngay cang tinh vi. Viet Nam cung duoc coi la mot trong nhung nuoc o khu vuc Dong Nam A co hoat dong san xuat, kinh doanh phu tung o to gia kha phuc tap. Toyota la mot thuong hieu lon tren the gioi va le duong nhien cac loai phu tung xe hoi cua hang cung tro thanh “nan nhan” hang dau cua nhung ke lam hang gia. Tren thi truong, nhung loai phu tung bi lam gia thuong la cac loai phu tung co tan suat su dung cao, thuong dung cho bao duong dinh ky nhu loc dau, loc gio, loc nhien lieu, ma phanh, guoc phanh, bugi, dia con… TMV da phoi hop voi cac co quan chuc nang Viet Nam to chuc dieu tra, bat giu nhieu duong day san xuat, tieu thu phu tung gia. Nam 2006, luc luong quan ly thi truong da dong loat tien hanh kiem tra tai mot so cua hang chuyen kinh doanh phu tung xe hoi o TP HCM. Tai pho Nguyen Cong Tru, ho da thu giu 819 chiec loc dau gia; Tai mot diem tren pho Ky Con, thu 73 loc dau gia. Nguoi ban o hai cua hang nay deu thua nhan viec kinh doanh hang gia. Tai duong Dien Bien Phu, luc luong chuc nang phat hien 9 thung cac tong voi 719 chiec loc dau, tuy nhien nguoi ban hang khong thua nhan vi pham voi ly do hinh thuc bao bi khac voi mau chinh hieu. Hien nay, hang gia duoc bay ban khap noi va rat kho phat hien. Ong Nguyen Dinh Trong – Doi truong doan xe Bo Tai chinh cho biet: “Toi da 2 lan mua phai loc dau rom, khi hong xe mang di bao hanh moi biet minh da mua phai hang gia duoc lam nhai het suc tinh vi. Du xe cua toi luc do van dang trong giai doan bao hanh nhung theo che do cua hang thi toi khong duoc huong vi phu tung gay hong xe la hang gia. Dung la vua mat tien, vua hong xe lai khong duoc bao hanh, tham chi con nguy hiem den tinh mang” – Ong Trong noi.
That, gia: Phan biet the nao? Mot so nan nhan thoat dau khong biet minh da mua phai do rom da rat tuc gian va do loi cho nha san xuat. Nhung sau khi hang san xuat tien hanh dieu tra can ke, giai thich tuong tan, ho hieu ra van de va chi mua va su dung phu tung chinh hang. TMV la nha san xuat o to duy nhat tai Viet Nam giup nguoi tieu dung nhan biet duoc cac nguy hiem cua viec su dung phu tung gia. Tu dau he nam 2006, hang da tien hanh chien dich chong hang gia voi cac hoat dong nang cao nhan thuc cua khach hang va phong tranh hang gia tai 16 dai ly va Tram dich vu uy quyen tren toan quoc. Theo ong Toru Wakita, PGD marketing, phu trach dich vu sau ban hang cua Toyota viec su dung phu tung gia cuc ky nguy hiem va tai hai. Cac loai phu tung gia thuong co do ben kem, phai thay the thuong xuyen nen khong kinh te. “Trong mot so truong hop, co the dan den viec hu hai nang ne cac bo phan lien quan va anh huong nghiem trong den su an toan cua nguoi lai. Chung toi se khong bao hanh cho bat ky hong hoc may moc nao neu nguyen nhan xuat phat tu viec su dung phu tung gia cua khach hang” – Ong Wakita neu ro. Cac loai phu tung gia duoc che tao kha tinh vi, nguoi binh thuong that kho ma phan biet noi hai chiec bugi chinh hang va bugi gia boi le nhin be ngoai chung giong het nhau nhung ben trong lai la su khac biet hoan toan. Bugi gia co khoang tan nhiet nho do do khi xe hoat dong o toc do cao va tai trong lon, dien cuc co the de dang qua nhiet va chay ra. Trong truong hop xau nhat, Piston cung co the bi chay va dan den chi phi sua chua rat lon. Viec su dung loc dau gia cung nguy hai khong kem. Loc dau chinh hieu Toyota su dung cac loai vat lieu tien tien nhat de loc trong khi loc dau gia su dung cac vat lieu kem pham chat nen chat luong khong dam bao... Ong Wakita canh bao loc dau kem khien dau bi ro ri, neu muc dau xuong qua thap, dong co co the bi chay. Dau ri ra neu gap nhiet do cao cung co the phat chay… Lam sao de phan biet duoc cac loai phu tung gia va that nhu loc dau, bugi, ma phanh, loc gio, loc xang, dia con? Ong Tran Vu Son, Pho phong Ky thuat - dich vu sau ban hang cua TMV pho bien mot so kinh nghiem nhu: Chu in hoac lo go tren bao goi phu tung gia khong sac net hay noi dung chi tuong tu nhu tren bao goi phu tung chinh hieu (VD: chu “Genuine Parts” thi tren phu tung gia in la “General Parts”); Ve hinh dang ben ngoai, phu tung gia thuong duoc lam tu cac vat lieu re tien va thu cong nen cac duong net khong sac sao, hinh dang kich thuoc khong deu, vi tri hay ten phu tung in khong chinh xac (VD: loc dau gia thuong khong son phu phan de); Gia phu tung gia thuong re hon phu tung chinh hieu rat nhieu do duoc lam tu cac vat lieu re tien, khong duoc kiem nghiem chat luong… Cho thay re ma ham Ong Wakita cho biet quy trinh san xuat phu tung cua Toyota la mot quy trinh khep kin. No duoc xuat phat tu nhu cau cua khach hang. Dac diem cua quy trinh nay la “Sell one – Buy one”. Nghia la khi khach hang mua mot san pham tai cac dai ly cua Toyota, cac dai ly se dat hang mot, nha san xuat phu tung cua hang se nhan duoc don dat hang mot san pham va san xuat ra mot san pham. Sau khi duoc kiem tra chat luong tai trung tam kiem soat chat luong, san pham nay se duoc luu thong trong he thong phan phoi cua hang. Vi the, phu tung chinh hieu chi duoc luu thong trong he thong phan phoi cua Toyota ma khong he bi ro ri ra ben ngoai duoi bat ky hinh thuc nao. De bao ve quyen loi cua khach hang cung nhu chinh uy tin thuong hieu, tu nam 2005, hang nam TMV deu tien hanh chien dich phan biet hang that, hang gia tren pham vi toan quoc. Hang phan phat cac tu lieu sach huong dan ve phu tung chinh hang nham cung cap cho khach hang thong tin ve chat luong, chuc nang su dung cua phu tung chinh hang cung nhu so sanh de phan biet hang chinh hang va hang nhai. Hang cung thong bao rong rai nhung hu ton may moc nang ne do su dung hang gia, hang nhai nhu mot loi canh bao ve tac hai nguy hiem cua hang gia gay ra doi voi khach hang va chinh su an toan cua ho. Theo ong Wakita, dieu dang lo ngai la phu tung gia dang duoc ban tran lan mot cach cong khai va rat de du khach hang. Ly do de phu tung gia co dat song rat don gian, co the la xuat phat tu su thieu hieu biet nhung cung co the la do tam ly ham cua re. Ai cung biet nhung rui ro khi dung do gia duoc san xuat tu vat lieu pham cap thap, do ben kem hon nhieu so voi phu tung chinh hieu. Tuy nhien su hap dan chinh la o cho gia thanh cua chung thap hon, lai rat de tim tai cac cua hang phu tung va do choi o to tren thi truong. Nhung ro rang qua hang loat “trai dang” ma nhung nguoi choi xe su dung do gia da nem trai thi ro rang cau cham ngon “Cua re la cua oi” van con nguyen gia tri. Ong Wakita nhan manh: “Chung toi chi cung cap phu tung chinh hang thong qua cac dai ly va tram dich vu uy quyen cua Toyota. Chung toi khuyen khach hang hay den do de dam bao do an toan va chat luong phu tung”. Thu Phong |
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Viet Bao
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