Trong bai viet nay minh se huong dan cac ban cach tao mot theme mang ca tinh bang photoshop. Bai viet su dung photoshop CS2 V9.0 tuy vay ban cung co the dung ban 7.0 hoac 8.0.
Bai viet khong di qua sau ve ki thuat nang cao ma chi gioi thieu cach cong cu co ban va tinh nang cua chung nham giup cho cac ban co the tu tao mot theme “khong giong ai” cho blog cua minh.
I) So luoc ve phoi mau, tao phong cach cho blog
Truoc tien de co the tao duoc mot phong dep ban can xac dinh mau sac chu dao cho blog cua minh, sau do la cac mau sac phu hoa, nhung mau sac phu hoa khong nen qua nhieu chi nen 2-3 mau, neu khong se lam blog cua ban loe loet khong dep. Tiep theo la kieu dang cung cap hay mem mai, don gian hay cau ki, chi tiet, sang trong treo hay toi, va pha chut “bui”…, va tiep nua la phong cach, ban can tao diem nhan cho blog cua minh, do co the la mot buc anh cua ban hay bieu tuong ma banyeu thich va de gay chu y no phai co mau noi bat hon so voi mau nen va cac mau xung quanh, va tat nhien la mang phong cach cua ban roi. Chu y la font chu va mau chu cung lam anh huong den theme blog cua ban, nen chon phong va mau chu hop voi phong cach ma ban da chon o tren, va mau chu nen nam trong so cac mau phu hoa cua ban. Ban nen su dung 3 font ho tro Unicode chuan de co the su dung tieng Viet co dau: Arial (mem mai), Times new Roman (binh thuong) hoac Verdana (vuong van).
Voi kieu theme dung 2 anh: Anh tren (Top image) va anh duoi (Bottom image) ket hop mau nen ban co the tham khao kich thuoc sau cho 2 kieu anh nay: Top image: Rong (Width): 975 pixel, Cao (Hieght) 200-300 pixel. Bottom image Rong (Width): 975 pixel, Cao (Hieght) 400-700 pixel (Chieu cao co the thay doi nhung chieu rong nhu vay voi kieu man hinh 1024x768 la vua)
II)Gioi thieu tong quan ve Photoshop
+) Dau tien ban hay mo chuong trinh Photoshop, chon [File > New (Ctlr+N)], dat kich thuoc cho buc anh
+)Gioi thieu hai bang hay dung: Layers va History (Neu khong thay 2 bang nay ban vao menu Windows trong Photoshop nhan chuot vao chon Layers va History)
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| Hai bang hay su dung |
*) Khai niem Layer: Layer la mot lop hinh anh duoc Photoshop quy dinh, khi ban chon layer nao thi nhan chuot len layer do tai bang layer va khi do cac thao tac chinh sua cua ban ban se tac dong den layer do va chi layer do thoi. Mot buc tranh co the co nhieu layer, cac layer xep chong len nhau, phan layer tren se chong len layer duoi, neu layer tren khong che kin layer duoi thi se de lo ra layer duoi, ban co the tuong tuong buc tranh do nhu la su ket hop cua cac to tranh co nhieu hinh anh mau sac xep chong len nhau.Moi to tranh la mot Layer (lop). Mot lop co the tro nen trong suot(nhin xuyen xuong lop duoi) neu ban giam Opacity xuong. (Opacity nam o goc phai, phia tren bang Layes nhu hinh minh hoa phia tren). De nhan doi layer ban nhay chuot phai len layer chon [Duplicate layer…], de xoa layer ban nhay chuot phai len layer chon [Delete layer] .
Cac layer co hinh cai khoa o ben khong the chinh sua, khi do ban [Duplicate layer…] do len thi co the sua thoai mai, thuong khi ban mo mot buc tranh ra thi no o dang bi khoa, khi do muon chinh sua phai [Duplicate layer…] layer do!
De chon che do hoa tron ban nhan vao hop popup ben canh (Phia trai) phan Opacity (Tren hinh ve che do hoa tron duoch chon la Normal), moi che do hoa tron se cho ket qua khac nhau khi hoa tron voi layer duoi no( tuc phai co it nhat 2 layer moi co hieu qua), ban hay tu thu tung che do de co ket qua ung y.
Nho mot dieu la co the co nhieu layer, vay ban phai biet minh dang thao tac voi layer nao, va chu y quan sat su thay doi va hieu chinh cac tuy chon cua tung cong cu de co buc anh nhu y.
*) Mot bang nua minh muon gioi thieu cho ban la History, bang nay luu cac thao tac ma ban da lam, mac dinh la 20 thao tac, ban co the tuy chinh so cac thao tac luu tru tai menu Edit > Preferences > Genaral (Ctrl + K). Khi ban khong hai long voi viec chinh sua muon quay lai nhu truoc do thi ban vao bang History de chon quay tro ve thao tac nao?
*) Gioi thieu cac nut cong cu trong hop cong cu Tool (Neu khong thay hop nay ban nhan menu Window > Tool trong Photoshop)
(Chu y voi cac cong cu nay cac ban nen de y phan tuy chon phia tren cung, duoi cac menu chinh, khi click vao moi cong cu se co phan tuy chon khac nhau, tuy chon mac dinh cua photoshop thuong de su dung cho nhieu truong hop tuy khong phai luc nao cung vay, ban hay thu thay doi de co tuy chon hop li cho tung truong hop.
Voi cac nut co mui ten nho o goc duoi nhu nut so 1 hinh ben, thi nut do bao gom mot loat cac nut co tinh nang tuong tu an sau no, ban nhay chuot phai nen nut do de chon cong cu can dung)
1. Click chuot phai len nut 1[Retagular marquee tool (M)] de chon cong cu. Cac cong cu nhom nay thuoc kieu lua chon, ban se lua chon vung thao tac de thao tac tren Layer(Lop hinh anh) dang duoc chon, tuc chi thao tac voi mot phan duoc chon cua layer do thoi! Cac phan nam ngoai vung lua chon se khong bi anh huong. Neu khong khoanh vung thi co nghia ban se thao tac tren toan Layer do.
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| Thao tac 1 |
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| Thao tac 1 |
Neu ban da chon mot vung lua chon va muon chon them nua giu phim [Shift] va tiep tuc lua chon, neu muon bot vung lua chon giu phim [Alt] va tiep tuc lua chon.
2. Nut di chuyen de ban di chuyen cac lop, nhan nut nay va keo chuot ban co the di chuyen layer dang duoc chon, click chuot vao layer trong bang Layers de chon layer can thao tac (Tren hinh ve layer Main dang duoc chon). Khi nut nay duoc chon ban co the thay doi kich thuoc cung nhu xoay layer (ke ca layer chu) bang cach nhan Ctrl+T.
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| Nut di chuyen |
Giu Crlt roi keo chuot de di chuyen, giu Ctrl+Alt roi keo chuot de tao ban sao.
3. Day cung la cac cong cu lua chon nhu phan 1 nhung cao cap hon, cac cong cu nay se lua chon mot vung thao tac khep kin tren layer cua ban.
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| Thao tac 3 |
Cong cu thu nhat: Lasso Tool se giup ban lua chon nhung duong mem mai bang cach ve vung lua chon khep kin bang chuot.
Cong cu thu 2: Polygonal Lasso Tool ve mot vung khep kin bang cach chon cac diem moc, moi diem moc duoc xac dinh bang mot click chuot trai, de quay lai diem moc truoc nhan phim [Back space]. Thuong dung de lua chon cac duong gap khuc nhu da giac, song cung co the dung lua chon cac duong cong, neu phong to hinh va lua chon tung khoang ngan.
Cong cu thu 3: Magnetic nhu cong cu thu 2 nhung co phan thong minh hon, no se tu tao them cac duong cong trong qua trinh lua chon qua su khac biet mau sac va cach di chuot, song doi khi cung lam ban kho chiu.
4. Cong cu lua chon Magic wand tool:
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| Thao tac 4 |
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| Hop mau |
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| Eyedropper Tool |
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| But ve |
6. Clone Stamp Tool: Tao mot ban sao hinh anh, giu phim Alt va tro vao diem bat dau can sao chep, nhan chuot trai. Sau do ban di chuot toi dau no sao se sao chep cac diem anh toi do.
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| Thao tac 6 |
Voi cong cu Pattern Stamp Tool cung tuong tu nhung khong phai la sao chep cac diem anh da duoc chi dinh tu hinh ve ma no lay tu mau (Pattern) ma ban chon o phia tren phan tuy chon.
Chon cac tuy chon choi giong nhu cac but ve o muc 5.
(Chu y su dung ket hop cac tuy chon phia tren).
7. Eraser(Tay)
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| Tay |
8. a.Gradient tool(Duong doc) de tao cac hieu ung chuyen mau, hay dung de chuyen mau buc tranh cua ban sao cho no tu tu hoa nhap voi mau nen, neu chi muon thao tac voi mot phan thi
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| Thao tac 8 |
b. Paint bucket tool: Cong cu nay se do son vao nhung vung co mau tuong dong voi mau tai diem ma ban click chuot trong phan duoc chon lua tren later dang thao tac.
Chu y su dung ket hop cac tuy chon phia tren
- Cac cong cu lam mo(Blur tool), lam sac(Sharpen tool), lam nhoe(Smudge tool), cac ban tu thu se thay ket qua, chu y phan tuy chon phia tren.
Thao tac 9
10. Cac cong cu lam sang anh(Dodge tool), toi anh(Burn tool), va lam min anh(Sponge tool).Cac ban tu khai thac them se ro. chu y phan tuy chon phia tren.
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| Thao tac 10 |
11.
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| Cong cu viet chu |
12. Ve cac hinh cho san, ban dung cong cu nay de ve cac hinh cho san boi Photoshop, mau nen cua hinh xac dinh tai hop mau. Phan [Custom shape tool] co nhieu hinh cho ban lua chon tai muc Shape o phia tren.
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| Thao tac 12 |
Tren day la cac chuc nang co ban cua hop cong cu tool Photoshop, sau day minh se gioi thieu mot vai chuc nang khac:
+/ Kieu dang cho layer: nhay chuot phai len layer can thao tac chon [Blending option], tuy chinh cac tuy chon trong do ban se co mot buc tranh dep hon nhu: Drop Shadow(Do bong), Inner Shadow(Do bong trong hinh), Outer Glow(Sang vien), Inner Glow(Sang ben trong), Bevel and Emboss(Goc nhin va cham noi), hoac cac kieu phu mau v.v... Voi cac tuy chon o muc nay ban co the tao cho layer cua minh noi len, phat sang, hay do bong… Phan nay don gian ve ki thuat, chi can chut oc tham mi la duoc, ban tu tuy chinh de co ket qua nhu y.
+/ Cac phan khac ban tu tim hieu them bang cach thu cac cong cu tren cac menu [Image],[ Layer], [Select], [Filter], chu y mot so cong cu hay dung nhu cac cong cu trong [Image > Adjustments] va [Layer > New Adjustment Layer] voi cac bo loc trong menu [Filter] ban tu ap dung de thay ket qua.
Mot so bo loc hay, bo sung them vao Filter cua Photoshop nhu: EYECANDY, Kai’s Power Tools(KPT), Ulead FX Razor ban co the download tren mang hoac tim mua tai cac cua hang ban dia CD phan mem.
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| Giao dien Blog QV Soft |
Nhu vay minh da trinh bay cho cac ban so bo ve cac tinh nang cua Photoshop, cac cong cu khong qua nhieu, chi can ban biet cach ket hop thi se co duoc buc anh dep nhu y. Vi du de gap anh, thay nen ban co the dung ket hop cac cong cu 1,3,4 de chon phan muon gap, copy (Cltr+C) hoac nhay chuot phai len vung chon, chon Layer via cut (neu muon cat) hoac Layer via copy(neu muon copy) de tao mot layer moi, hoac giu Ctrl(hay dung cong cu 2) hay Ctrl+Alt de di chuyen + sao chep vung chon . De tay mun ban co the dung cong cu 6 hoac cong cu Patch tool(J) phia tren cong cu 6. De lam sang anh hoac toi anh ban co the su dung cac cong cu o muc 10..v.v day chinh la cong viec ma cac cua hang anh Studio thuong hay lam, va gio day ban cung co the lam mot cach de dang.
Voi cach ket hop su dung cac cong cu tren ban se co the tao duoc cac theme rieng mang dam ca tinh cua minh va nhat la khong “dung hang”.
Sau khi lam xong buc anh cua minh ban vao muc [File > Save (Ctrl+S)] de luu vao va co the tiep tuc sua cho lan sau.muon xuat ra file anh thong thuong, ban vao phan [File > Save as… (Shift+Ctrl+S)], chon dinh dang anh can luu o hop popup, thuong nen chon dinh dang la anh JPG,JPEG vi loai nay la pho bien nhat, sau do chon duong dan can luu, go ten can luu roi nhan [SAVE]. Bay gio cong viec cua ban chi la upoad buc anh vua lam duoc len blog cua minh thoi.
Chuc ban thanh cong va co mot theme blog nhu y.
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| Tac gia blog QV Soft |
Ve tac gia blog: QV Soft Quang Vinh: Thang than, nhiet tinh, it noi, thich li su, chi co mot tinh yeu lon do la tinh yeu voi "em Computer"(now! ^_^). Mong muon hoc hoi that nhieu tu moi nguoi va chia se voi tat ca moi nguoi nhung gi minh biet.
